Previously we would report the number of physical processors, which
can be quite wrong in a containerized setting. Now we rather return how
many processors are in our affinity mask when possible.

I also refactored the code to prefer platform-specific since this will
report logical CPUs instead of physical (using
`machdep.cpu.thread_count` on Darwin and `cpuset_getaffinity` on FreeBSD).

Fixes #14781.

(cherry picked from commit 4413828b)