Add regression test for #22151

Issue #22151 was coincidentally fixed in commit
aed1974e (`Refactor the treatment of loopy
superclass dicts`). This adds a regression test to ensure that the issue
remains fixed.

Fixes #22151.

testsuite/tests/warnings/should_compile/T22151.hs

+{-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-}
+module T22151 where
+
+import Control.Monad.IO.Class (MonadIO(liftIO))
+
+class (Applicative m, Monad m) => C m where
+  m :: m ()
+
+-- This should not emit a -Wredundant-constraints warning. This is because
+-- GHC should not expand the superclasses of the Given constraint `MonadIO m`
+-- given that it is not Paterson-smaller than the instance head `C m`. (See
+-- Note [Recursive superclasses] in GHC.Tc.TyCl.Instance for more on what
+-- "Paterson-smaller" means.) As a result, we must provide the `Applicative m`
+-- and `Monad m` constraints explicitly.
+instance (Applicative m, Monad m, MonadIO m) => C m where
+  m = liftIO (pure ())

testsuite/tests/warnings/should_compile/all.T

@@ -53,4 +53,5 @@ test('DerivingTypeable', normal, compile, ['-Wderiving-typeable'])
 test('T18862a', normal, compile, [''])
 test('T18862b', normal, compile, [''])
 test('T20312', normal, compile,['-Wall'])
+test('T22151', normal, compile, ['-Wredundant-constraints'])
 test('T22759', normal, compile, [''])