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Commit 7d5216de authored by simonmar's avatar simonmar
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[project @ 2005-10-25 10:28:59 by simonmar] 

- include the contents of ghc/HACKING verbatim, as a "quick start"
  guide

- change the title to "Building and devleloping GHC", and make it a
  bit more GHC-centric.
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docs/building/building.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY hacking SYSTEM "../../ghc/HACKING">
]>
<article id="building-guide">
<articleinfo>
<title>Building the Glasgow Functional Programming Tools Suite</title>
<title>Building and developing GHC</title>
<author><othername>The GHC Team</othername></author>
<address><email>glasgow-haskell-&lcub;users,bugs&rcub;@haskell.org</email></address>
<abstract>
<para>The Glasgow fptools suite is a collection of Functional
Programming related tools, including the Glasgow Haskell
Compiler (GHC). The source code for the whole suite is kept in
a single CVS repository and shares a common build and
installation system.</para>
<para>This guide is intended for people who want to build or
modify programs from the Glasgow <literal>fptools</literal>
suite (as distinct from those who merely want to
<emphasis>run</emphasis> them). Installation instructions are
now provided in the user guide.</para>
<para>This Guide is primarily aimed at those who want to build and/or
hack on GHC. It describes how to get started with building GHC on your
machine, and how to tweak the settings to get the kind of build you
want. It also describes the inner workings of the build system, so you
can extend it, modify it, and use it to build your code.</para>
<para>The bulk of this guide applies to building on Unix
systems; see <xref linkend="winbuild"/> for Windows notes.</para>
......@@ -33,8 +29,7 @@
<sect1 id="sec-getting">
<title>Getting the sources</title>
<para>You can get your hands on the <literal>fptools</literal>
in two ways:</para>
<para>You can get your hands on the GHC sources in two ways:</para>
<variablelist>
......@@ -49,8 +44,7 @@
(c)&nbsp;you want to hack on GHC yourself.</para>
<para>A source distribution contains complete sources for
one or more projects in the <literal>fptools</literal>
suite. Not only that, but the more awkward
GHC. Not only that, but the more awkward
machine-independent steps are done for you. For example, if
you don't have
<command>happy</command><indexterm><primary>happy</primary></indexterm>
......@@ -71,7 +65,7 @@
up-to-the minute (but less tested) source code then you need
to get access to our CVS repository.</para>
<para>All the <literal>fptools</literal> source code is held
<para>All the GHC source code is held
in a CVS repository. CVS is a pretty good source-code
control system, and best of all it works over the
network.</para>
......@@ -87,10 +81,6 @@
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>If you are going to do any building from sources (either
from a source distribution or the CVS repository) then you need to
read all of this manual in detail.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sec-cvs">
......@@ -903,7 +893,7 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sec-port-info">
<title>What machines the Glasgow tools run on</title>
<title>What machines GHC runs on</title>
<indexterm><primary>ports</primary><secondary>GHC</secondary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>GHC</primary><secondary>ports</secondary></indexterm>
......@@ -1090,20 +1080,11 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
<term>x86_64-unknown-linux
<indexterm><primary>x86_64-unknown-linux</primary></indexterm>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>GHC currently works unregisterised. A registerised
port is in progress.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>amd64-unknown-openbsd
<term>amd64-unknown-openbsd
<indexterm><primary>amd64-unknown-linux</primary></indexterm>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>(This is the same as x86_64-unknown-openbsd). GHC
currently works unregisterised. A registerised port is in
progress.</para>
<para>Fully supported, with a native code generator and GHCi.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
......@@ -1166,16 +1147,8 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
support still remains, but porting to one of these systems will
certainly be a non-trivial task.</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>What machines the other tools run on</title>
<para>Unless you hear otherwise, the other tools work if GHC
works.</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sec-pre-supposed">
<title>Installing pre-supposed utilities</title>
......@@ -1242,16 +1215,12 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
<indexterm><primary>GCC (GNU C compiler), pre-supposed</primary></indexterm>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>We recommend using GCC version 2.95.2 on all
platforms. Failing that, version 2.7.2 is stable on most
platforms. Earlier versions of GCC can be assumed not to
work, and versions in between 2.7.2 and 2.95.2 (including
<command>egcs</command>) have varying degrees of stability
depending on the platform.</para>
<para>GCC 3.2 is currently known to have problems building
GHC on Sparc, but is stable on x86.</para>
<para>Most GCC versions should work with the most recent GHC
sources. Expect trouble if you use a recent GCC with
an older GHC, though (trouble in the form of mis-compiled code,
link errors, and errors from the <literal>ghc-asm</literal>
script).</para>
<para>If your GCC dies with &ldquo;internal error&rdquo; on
some GHC source file, please let us know, so we can report
it and get things improved. (Exception: on x86
......@@ -1279,14 +1248,23 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>Happy is a parser generator tool for Haskell, and is
used to generate GHC's parsers. Happy is written in
used to generate GHC's parsers.</para>
<para>If you start from a source tarball of GHC (i.e. not a CVS
checkout), then you don't need Happy, because we supply the
pre-processed versions of the Happy parsers. If you intend to
modify the compiler and/or you're using a CVS checkout, then you
need Happy.</para>
<para>Happy version 1.15 is currently required to build GHC.</para>
<para>Happy is written in
Haskell, and is a project in the CVS repository
(<literal>fptools/happy</literal>). It can be built from
source, but bear in mind that you'll need GHC installed in
order to build it. To avoid the chicken/egg problem,
install a binary distribution of either Happy or GHC to get
started. Happy distributions are available from <ulink
url="http://www.haskell.org/happy/">Happy's Web
started. Happy distributions are available from <ulink url="http://www.haskell.org/happy/">Happy's Web
Page</ulink>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
......@@ -1297,10 +1275,15 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
</term>
<listitem>
<para>Alex is a lexical-analyser generator for Haskell,
which GHC uses to generate its lexer. Like Happy, Alex is
which GHC uses to generate its lexer.</para>
<para>Like Happy, you don't need Alex if you're building GHC from a
source tarball, but you do need it if you're modifying GHC and/or
building a CVS checkout.</para>
<para>Alex is
written in Haskell and is a project in the CVS repository.
Alex distributions are available from <ulink
url="http://www.haskell.org/alex/">Alex's Web
Alex distributions are available from <ulink url="http://www.haskell.org/alex/">Alex's Web
Page</ulink>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
......@@ -1425,41 +1408,54 @@ $ cvs checkout nofib/spectral</screen>
<indexterm><primary>Building from source</primary></indexterm>
<indexterm><primary>Source, building from</primary></indexterm>
<para>You've been rash enough to want to build some of the Glasgow
Functional Programming tools (GHC, Happy, nofib, etc.) from
source. You've slurped the source, from the CVS repository or
from a source distribution, and now you're sitting looking at a
huge mound of bits, wondering what to do next.</para>
<para>Gingerly, you type <command>make</command>. Wrong
already!</para>
<para>&ldquo;I just want to build it!&rdquo;</para>
<para>This rest of this guide is intended for duffers like me, who
aren't really interested in Makefiles and systems configurations,
but who need a mental model of the interlocking pieces so that
they can make them work, extend them consistently when adding new
software, and lay hands on them gently when they don't
work.</para>
<sect2 id="quick-start">
<title>Quick Start</title>
<para>If you are starting from a source distribution, and just
want a completely standard build, then the following procedure should
work (unless you're on Windows, in which case go to <xref linkend="winbuild" />).</para>
<para>No problem. This recipe should build and install a working GHC with
all the default settings. (unless you're
on Windows, in which case go to <xref linkend="winbuild" />).</para>
<screen>$ autoreconf
<screen>$ autoreconf<footnote><para>not necessary if you started from a source tarball</para>
</footnote>
$ ./configure
$ make
$ make install</screen>
<para>For GHC, this will do a 2-stage bootstrap build of the
compiler, with profiling libraries, and install the
results.</para>
results in the default location (under <filename>/usr/local</filename> on
Unix, for example).</para>
<para>The <literal>configure</literal> script is a standard GNU
<literal>autoconf</literal> script, and accepts the usual options for
changing install locations and the like. Run
<literal>./configure&nbsp;--help</literal> for a list of options.</para>
<para>If you want to do anything at all non-standard, or you
want to do some development, read on...</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="quick-start">
<title>Quick start for GHC developers</title>
<para>This section is a copy of the file
<literal>ghc/HACKING</literal> from the GHC source tree. It describes
how to get started with setting up your build tree for developing GHC
or its libraries, and how to start building.</para>
<screen>
&hacking;
</screen>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sec-working-with-the-build-system">
<title>Working with the build system</title>
<para>This rest of this guide is intended for duffers like me, who
aren't really interested in Makefiles and systems configurations,
but who need a mental model of the interlocking pieces so that
they can make them work, extend them consistently when adding new
software, and lay hands on them gently when they don't
work.</para>
<sect2 id="sec-source-tree">
<title>Your source tree</title>
......
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