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This patch fixes a fairly long-standing bug (dating back to 2015) in
RdrName.bestImport, namely

   commit 9376249b
   Author: Simon Peyton Jones <simonpj@microsoft.com>
   Date:   Wed Oct 28 17:16:55 2015 +0000

   Fix unused-import stuff in a better way

In that patch got the sense of the comparison back to front, and
thereby failed to implement the unused-import rules described in
  Note [Choosing the best import declaration] in RdrName

This led to Trac #13064 and #15393

Fixing this bug revealed a bunch of unused imports in libraries;
the ones in the GHC repo are part of this commit.

The two important changes are

* Fix the bug in bestImport

* Modified the rules by adding (a) in
     Note [Choosing the best import declaration] in RdrName
  Reason: the previosu rules made Trac #5211 go bad again.  And
  the new rule (a) makes sense to me.

In unravalling this I also ended up doing a few other things

* Refactor RnNames.ImportDeclUsage to use a [GlobalRdrElt] for the
  things that are used, rather than [AvailInfo]. This is simpler
  and more direct.

* Rename greParentName to greParent_maybe, to follow GHC
  naming conventions

* Delete dead code RdrName.greUsedRdrName

Bumps a few submodules.

Reviewers: hvr, goldfire, bgamari, simonmar, jrtc27

Subscribers: rwbarton, carter

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D5312

The real change that fixes the ticket is described in
Note [Naughty quantification candidates] in TcMType.

Fixing this required reworking candidateQTyVarsOfType, the function
that extracts free variables as candidates for quantification.
One consequence is that we now must be more careful when quantifying:
any skolems around must be quantified manually, and quantifyTyVars
will now only quantify over metavariables. This makes good sense,
as skolems are generally user-written and are listed in the AST.

As a bonus, we now have more control over the ordering of such
skolems.

Along the way, this commit fixes #15711 and refines the fix
to #14552 (by accepted a program that was previously rejected,
as we can now accept that program by zapping variables to Any).

This commit also does a fair amount of rejiggering kind inference
of datatypes. Notably, we now can skip the generalization step
in kcTyClGroup for types with CUSKs, because we get the
kind right the first time. This commit also thus fixes #15743 and
 #15592, which both concern datatype kind generalisation.
(#15591 is also very relevant.) For this aspect of the commit, see
Note [Required, Specified, and Inferred in types] in TcTyClsDecls.

Test cases: dependent/should_fail/T14880{,-2},
            dependent/should_fail/T15743[cd]
            dependent/should_compile/T15743{,e}
            ghci/scripts/T15743b
            polykinds/T15592
            dependent/should_fail/T15591[bc]
            ghci/scripts/T15591

Allow the user to explicitly bind type/kind variables in type and data
family instances (including associated instances), closed type family
equations, and RULES pragmas. Follows the specification of GHC
Proposal 0007, also fixes #2600. Advised by Richard Eisenberg.

This modifies the Template Haskell AST -- old code may break!

Other Changes:
- convert HsRule to a record
- make rnHsSigWcType more general
- add repMaybe to DsMeta

Includes submodule update for Haddock.

Test Plan: validate

Reviewers: goldfire, bgamari, alanz

Subscribers: simonpj, RyanGlScott, goldfire, rwbarton,
             thomie, mpickering, carter

GHC Trac Issues: #2600, #14268

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4894

Trac #15648 showed that GHC was a bit confused about the
difference between the types for

* Predicates
* Coercions
* Evidence (in the typechecker constraint solver)

This patch cleans it up. See especially Type.hs
Note [Types for coercions, predicates, and evidence]

Particular changes

* Coercion types (a ~# b) and (a ~#R b) are not predicate types
  (so isPredTy reports False for them) and are not implicitly
  instantiated by the type checker.  This is a real change, but
  it consistently reflects that fact that (~#) and (~R#) really
  are different from predicates.

* isCoercionType is renamed to isCoVarType

* During type inference, simplifyInfer, we do /not/ want to infer
  a constraint (a ~# b), because that is no longer a predicate type.
  So we 'lift' it to (a ~ b). See TcType
  Note [Lift equality constaints when quantifying]

* During type inference for pattern synonyms, we need to 'lift'
  provided constraints of type (a ~# b) to (a ~ b).  See
  Note [Equality evidence in pattern synonyms] in PatSyn

* But what about (forall a. Eq a => a ~# b)? Is that a
  predicate type?  No -- it does not have kind Constraint.
  Is it an evidence type?  Perhaps, but awkwardly so.

  In the end I decided NOT to make it an evidence type,
  and to ensure the the type inference engine never
  meets it.  This made me /simplify/ the code in
  TcCanonical.makeSuperClasses; see TcCanonical
  Note [Equality superclasses in quantified constraints]

  Instead I moved the special treatment for primitive
  equality to TcInteract.doTopReactOther.  See TcInteract
  Note [Looking up primitive equalities in quantified constraints]

  Also see Note [Evidence for quantified constraints] in Type.

  All this means I can have
     isEvVarType ty = isCoVarType ty || isPredTy ty
  which is nice.

All in all, rather a lot of work for a small refactoring,
but I think it's a real improvement.

We were recovering too eagerly from errors in pattern-synonym
type inference, leading to a cascade of confusing follow up errors
(Trac #15685, #15692).

The underlying issue is that a pattern synonym should have a closed,
fixed type, with no unification variables in it.  But it wasn't!

Fixing this made me change the interface to simplifyInfer slightly.
Instead of /emitting/ a residual implication constraint, it
now /returns/ it, so that the caller can decide what to do.

This patch corresponds to #15497.

According to https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/DependentHaskell/Phase2,
 we would like to have coercion quantifications back. This will
allow us to migrate (~#) to be homogeneous, instead of its current
heterogeneous definition. This patch is (lots of) plumbing only. There
should be no user-visible effects.

An overview of changes:

- Both `ForAllTy` and `ForAllCo` can quantify over coercion variables,
but only in *Core*. All relevant functions are updated accordingly.
- Small changes that should be irrelevant to the main task:
    1. removed dead code `mkTransAppCo` in Coercion
    2. removed out-dated Note Computing a coercion kind and
       roles in Coercion
    3. Added `Eq4` in Note Respecting definitional equality in
       TyCoRep, and updated `mkCastTy` accordingly.
    4. Various updates and corrections of notes and typos.
- Haddock submodule needs to be changed too.

Acknowledgments:
This work was completed mostly during Ningning Xie's Google Summer
of Code, sponsored by Google. It was advised by Richard Eisenberg,
supported by NSF grant 1704041.

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: goldfire, simonpj, bgamari, hvr, erikd, simonmar

Subscribers: RyanGlScott, monoidal, rwbarton, carter

GHC Trac Issues: #15497

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D5054

There was a subtle knot-tying bug in TcHsSyn.zonkTyVarOcc, revealed
in Trac #15552.

I fixed it by

* Eliminating the short-circuiting optimisation in zonkTyVarOcc,
  instead adding a finite map to get sharing of zonked unification
  variables.

  See Note [Sharing when zonking to Type] in TcHsSyn

* On the way I /added/ the short-circuiting optimisation to
  TcMType.zonkTcTyVar, which has no such problem.  This turned
  out (based on non-systematic measurements) to be a modest win.

  See Note [Sharing in zonking] in TcMType

On the way I renamed some of the functions in TcHsSyn:

* Ones ending in "X" (like zonkTcTypeToTypeX) take a ZonkEnv

* Ones that do not end in "x" (like zonkTcTypeToType), don't.
  Instead they whiz up an empty ZonkEnv.

This patch adds foldl' to GhcPrelude and changes must occurences
of foldl to foldl'. This leads to better performance especially
for quick builds where GHC does not perform strictness analysis.

It does change strictness behaviour when we use foldl' to turn
a argument list into function applications. But this is only a
drawback if code looks ONLY at the last argument but not at the first.
And as the benchmarks show leads to fewer allocations in practice
at O2.

Compiler performance for Nofib:

O2 Allocations:
        -1 s.d.                -----            -0.0%
        +1 s.d.                -----            -0.0%
        Average                -----            -0.0%

O2 Compile Time:
        -1 s.d.                -----            -2.8%
        +1 s.d.                -----            +1.3%
        Average                -----            -0.8%

O0 Allocations:
        -1 s.d.                -----            -0.2%
        +1 s.d.                -----            -0.1%
        Average                -----            -0.2%

Test Plan: ci

Reviewers: goldfire, bgamari, simonmar, tdammers, monoidal

Reviewed By: bgamari, monoidal

Subscribers: tdammers, rwbarton, thomie, carter

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4929

because since #15050, these are no longer used in pattern SIGnatures,
but still in other places where meta-variables should only be unified
with TYpe VARiables.

I also found mentions of `SigTv` in parts of the renamer and desugarer
that do not seem to directly relate to `SigTv` as used in the type
checker, but rather to uses of `forall a.` in type signatures. I renamed
these to `ScopedTv`.

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D5074

As Trac #15289 showed, we were carrying on after a type error
in a pattern synonym, and then crashing.  This patch improves
error handling for pattern synonyms.

I also moved a bit of code from TcBinds into TcPatSyn, which
helpfully narrows the API.

Consider (Trac #15215)
  data T a = MkT ...
  data S a = ...T...MkT....

If there is an error in the definition of 'T' we add a
"fake type constructor" to the type environment, so that we
can continue to typecheck 'S'.  But we /were not/ adding
a fake anything for 'MkT' and so there was an internal
error when we met 'MkT' in the body of 'S'.

The fix is to add fake tycons for all the 'implicits' of 'T'.
This is done by mk_fake_tc in TcTyClsDecls.checkValidTyCl,
which now returns a /list/ of TyCons rather than just one.

On the way I did some refactoring:

* Rename TcTyDecls.tcAddImplicits to tcAddTyConsToGblEnv
  and make it /include/ the TyCons themeselves as well
  as their implicits

* Some incidental refactoring about tcRecSelBinds. The main
  thing is that I've avoided creating a HsValBinds that we
  immediately decompose.  That meant moving some deck chairs
  around.

NB: The new error message for the regression test T15215
has the opaque error "Illegal constraint in a type:", flagged
in Trac #14845.  But that's the fault of the latter ticket.
The fix here not to blame.

Summary:
Implement the "Embrace Type :: Type" GHC proposal,
.../ghc-proposals/blob/master/proposals/0020-no-type-in-type.rst

GHC 8.0 included a major change to GHC's type system: the Type :: Type
axiom. Though casual users were protected from this by hiding its
features behind the -XTypeInType extension, all programs written in GHC
8+ have the axiom behind the scenes. In order to preserve backward
compatibility, various legacy features were left unchanged. For example,
with -XDataKinds but not -XTypeInType, GADTs could not be used in types.
Now these restrictions are lifted and -XTypeInType becomes a redundant
flag that will be eventually deprecated.

* Incorporate the features currently in -XTypeInType into the
  -XPolyKinds and -XDataKinds extensions.
* Introduce a new extension -XStarIsType to control how to parse * in
  code and whether to print it in error messages.

Test Plan: Validate

Reviewers: goldfire, hvr, bgamari, alanz, simonpj

Reviewed By: goldfire, simonpj

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie, mpickering, carter

GHC Trac Issues: #15195

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4748

We have wanted quantified constraints for ages and, as I hoped,
they proved remarkably simple to implement.   All the machinery was
already in place.

The main ticket is Trac #2893, but also relevant are
  #5927
  #8516
  #9123 (especially!  higher kinded roles)
  #14070
  #14317

The wiki page is
  https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/QuantifiedConstraints
which in turn contains a link to the GHC Proposal where the change
is specified.

Here is the relevant Note:

Note [Quantified constraints]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The -XQuantifiedConstraints extension allows type-class contexts like
this:

  data Rose f x = Rose x (f (Rose f x))

  instance (Eq a, forall b. Eq b => Eq (f b))
        => Eq (Rose f a)  where
    (Rose x1 rs1) == (Rose x2 rs2) = x1==x2 && rs1 >= rs2

Note the (forall b. Eq b => Eq (f b)) in the instance contexts.
This quantified constraint is needed to solve the
 [W] (Eq (f (Rose f x)))
constraint which arises form the (==) definition.

Here are the moving parts
  * Language extension {-# LANGUAGE QuantifiedConstraints #-}
    and add it to ghc-boot-th:GHC.LanguageExtensions.Type.Extension

  * A new form of evidence, EvDFun, that is used to discharge
    such wanted constraints

  * checkValidType gets some changes to accept forall-constraints
    only in the right places.

  * Type.PredTree gets a new constructor ForAllPred, and
    and classifyPredType analyses a PredType to decompose
    the new forall-constraints

  * Define a type TcRnTypes.QCInst, which holds a given
    quantified constraint in the inert set

  * TcSMonad.InertCans gets an extra field, inert_insts :: [QCInst],
    which holds all the Given forall-constraints.  In effect,
    such Given constraints are like local instance decls.

  * When trying to solve a class constraint, via
    TcInteract.matchInstEnv, use the InstEnv from inert_insts
    so that we include the local Given forall-constraints
    in the lookup.  (See TcSMonad.getInstEnvs.)

  * topReactionsStage calls doTopReactOther for CIrredCan and
    CTyEqCan, so they can try to react with any given
    quantified constraints (TcInteract.matchLocalInst)

  * TcCanonical.canForAll deals with solving a
    forall-constraint.  See
       Note [Solving a Wanted forall-constraint]
       Note [Solving a Wanted forall-constraint]

  * We augment the kick-out code to kick out an inert
    forall constraint if it can be rewritten by a new
    type equality; see TcSMonad.kick_out_rewritable

Some other related refactoring
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* Move SCC on evidence bindings to post-desugaring, which fixed
  #14735, and is generally nicer anyway because we can use
  existing CoreSyn free-var functions.  (Quantified constraints
  made the free-vars of an ev-term a bit more complicated.)

* In LookupInstResult, replace GenInst with OneInst and NotSure,
  using the latter for multiple matches and/or one or more
  unifiers

Poor DPH and its vectoriser have long been languishing; sadly it seems there is
little chance that the effort will be rekindled. Every few years we discuss
what to do with this mass of code and at least once we have agreed that it
should be archived on a branch and removed from `master`. Here we do just that,
eliminating heaps of dead code in the process.

Here we drop the ParallelArrays extension, the vectoriser, and the `vector` and
`primitive` submodules.

Test Plan: Validate

Reviewers: simonpj, simonmar, hvr, goldfire, alanz

Reviewed By: simonmar

Subscribers: goldfire, rwbarton, thomie, mpickering, carter

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4761

Trac #15009 showed that, for Given TyVar/TyVar equalities, we really
want to orient them with the deepest-bound skolem on the left. As it
happens, we also want to do the same for Wanteds, but for a different
reason (more likely to be touchable).  Either way, deepest wins:
see TcUnify Note [Deeper level on the left].

This observation led me to some significant changes:

* A SkolemTv already had a TcLevel, but the level wasn't really being
  used.   Now it is!

* I updated added invariant (SkolInf) to TcType
  Note [TcLevel and untouchable type variables], documenting that
  the level number of all the ic_skols should be the same as the
  ic_tclvl of the implication

* FlatSkolTvs and FlatMetaTvs previously had a dummy level-number of
  zero, which messed the scheme up.   Now they get a level number the
  same way as all other TcTyVars, instead of being a special case.

* To make sure that FlatSkolTvs and FlatMetaTvs are untouchable (which
  was previously done via their magic zero level) isTouchableMetaTyVar
  just tests for those two cases.

* TcUnify.swapOverTyVars is the crucial orientation function; see the
  new Note [TyVar/TyVar orientation].  I completely rewrote this function,
  and it's now much much easier to understand.

I ended up doing some related refactoring, of course

* I noticed that tcImplicitTKBndrsX and tcExplicitTKBndrsX were doing
  a lot of useless work in the case where there are no skolems; I
  added a fast-patch

* Elminate the un-used tcExplicitTKBndrsSig; and thereby get rid of
  the higher-order parameter to tcExpliciTKBndrsX.

* Replace TcHsType.emitTvImplication with TcUnify.checkTvConstraints,
  by analogy with TcUnify.checkConstraints.

* Inline TcUnify.buildImplication into its only call-site in
  TcUnify.checkConstraints

* TcS.buildImplication becomes TcS.CheckConstraintsTcS, with a
  simpler API

* Now that we have NoEvBindsVar we have no need of termEvidenceAllowed;
  nuke the latter, adding Note [No evidence bindings] to TcEvidence.

Summary:
- remove PostRn/PostTc fields
- remove the HsVect In/Out distinction for Type, Class and Instance
- remove PlaceHolder in favour of NoExt
- Simplify OutputableX constraint

Updates haddock submodule

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: goldfire, bgamari

Subscribers: goldfire, thomie, mpickering, carter

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4625

Summary:
- Add the balance of the TTG extensions for hsSyn/HsBinds

- Move all the (now orphan) data instances into hsSyn/HsInstances and
use TTG Data instances Plan B
https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow/Instances#PLANB

Updates haddock submodule.

Illustrative numbers

Compiling HsInstances before using Plan B.

Max residency ~ 5G
<<ghc: 629,864,691,176 bytes, 5300 GCs,
       321075437/1087762592 avg/max bytes residency (23 samples),
       2953M in use, 0.000 INIT (0.000 elapsed),
       383.511 MUT (384.986 elapsed), 37.426 GC (37.444 elapsed) :ghc>>

Using Plan B

Max residency 1.1G

<<ghc: 78,832,782,968 bytes, 2884 GCs,
       222140352/386470152 avg/max bytes residency (34 samples),
       1062M in use, 0.001 INIT (0.001 elapsed),
       56.612 MUT (62.917 elapsed), 32.974 GC (32.923 elapsed) :ghc>>

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: shayan-najd, goldfire, bgamari

Subscribers: goldfire, thomie, mpickering, carter

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4581

The following commits were reverted prior to the release of GHC 8.4.1,
because the time to derive Data instances was too long [1].

 438dd1cb Phab:D4147
 e3ec2e7a Phab:D4177
 47ad6578 Phab:D4186

The work is continuing, as the minimum bootstrap compiler is now
GHC 8.2.1, and this allows Plan B[2] for instances to be used.  This
will land in a following commit.

Updates Haddock submodule

[1] https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow/Instances
[2] https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow/Instances#PLANB

The main job of this commit is to track more accurately the scope
of tyvars introduced by user-written foralls. For example, it would
be to have something like this:

  forall a. Int -> (forall k (b :: k). Proxy '[a, b]) -> Bool

In that type, a's kind must be k, but k isn't in scope. We had a
terrible way of doing this before (not worth repeating or describing
here, but see the old tcImplicitTKBndrs and friends), but now
we have a principled approach: make an Implication when kind-checking
a forall. Doing so then hooks into the existing machinery for
preventing skolem-escape, performing floating, etc. This also means
that we bump the TcLevel whenever going into a forall.

The new behavior is done in TcHsType.scopeTyVars, but see also
TcHsType.tc{Im,Ex}plicitTKBndrs, which have undergone significant
rewriting. There are several Notes near there to guide you. Of
particular interest there is that Implication constraints can now
have skolems that are out of order; this situation is reported in
TcErrors.

A major consequence of this is a slightly tweaked process for type-
checking type declarations. The new Note [Use SigTvs in kind-checking
pass] in TcTyClsDecls lays it out.

The error message for dependent/should_fail/TypeSkolEscape has become
noticeably worse. However, this is because the code in TcErrors goes to
some length to preserve pre-8.0 error messages for kind errors. It's time
to rip off that plaster and get rid of much of the kind-error-specific
error messages. I tried this, and doing so led to a lovely error message
for TypeSkolEscape. So: I'm accepting the error message quality regression
for now, but will open up a new ticket to fix it, along with a larger
error-message improvement I've been pondering. This applies also to
dependent/should_fail/{BadTelescope2,T14066,T14066e}, polykinds/T11142.

Other minor changes:
 - isUnliftedTypeKind didn't look for tuples and sums. It does now.

 - check_type used check_arg_type on both sides of an AppTy. But the left
   side of an AppTy isn't an arg, and this was causing a bad error message.
   I've changed it to use check_type on the left-hand side.

 - Some refactoring around when we print (TYPE blah) in error messages.
   The changes decrease the times when we do so, to good effect.
   Of course, this is still all controlled by
   -fprint-explicit-runtime-reps

Fixes #14066 #14749

Test cases: dependent/should_compile/{T14066a,T14749},
            dependent/should_fail/T14066{,c,d,e,f,g,h}

This patch implements GHC Proposal #94, described here
   https://github.com/ghc-proposals/ghc-proposals/pull/94

The effect is simply to lift a totally-undocumented restriction to
unidirecional pattern synonyms, namely that they can't have as-patterns
or n+k patterns.

The fix is easy: just remove the checks.

I also took the opportunity to improve the manual entry for
the semantics of pattern matching for pattern synonyms.

Ideally, I'd like to do

    type EvTerm = CoreExpr

and the type checker builds the evidence terms as it goes. This failed,
becuase the evidence for `Typeable` refers to local identifiers that are
added *after* the typechecker solves constraints. Therefore, `EvTerm`
stays a data type with two constructors: `EvExpr` for `CoreExpr`
evidence, and `EvTypeable` for the others.

Delted `Note [Memoising typeOf]`, its reference (and presumably
relevance) was removed in 8fa4bf9a.

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4341

This one, discovered by Iceland Jack (Trac #14507), shows
that a pattern-bound coercion can show up in the argument
type(s) of the matcher of a pattern synonym.

The error message isn't great, but at least we now rightly
reject the program.

Trac #14552 showed a very obscure case where we can't infer a
good pattern-synonym type.

The error message is horrible, but at least we no longer crash
and burn.

This is a pure refactoring.  Use HsConDetails to implement
HsPatSynDetails, instead of defining a whole new data type.
Less code, fewer types, all good.

This patch fixes Trac #14998, where we eventually decided that
the existential type variables of the signature of a pattern
synonym should not scope over the pattern synonym.

See Note [Pattern synonym existentials do not scope] in TcPatSyn.

As documented in #14490, the Data instances currently blow up
compilation time by too much to stomach. Alan will continue working on
this in a branch and we will perhaps merge to 8.2 before 8.2.1 to avoid
having to perform painful cherry-picks in 8.2 minor releases.

Reverts haddock submodule.

This reverts commit 47ad6578.
This reverts commit e3ec2e7a.
This reverts commit 438dd1cb.
This reverts commit 0ff152c9.

Further progress on implementing Trees that Grow on hsSyn AST.

See https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow

Trees that grow extension points are added for
  - Rest of HsExpr.hs

Updates haddock submodule

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: bgamari, shayan-najd, goldfire

Subscribers: goldfire, rwbarton, thomie, mpickering

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4186

See https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow

Trees that grow extension points are added for
- HsExpr

Updates haddock submodule

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: bgamari, goldfire

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie, shayan-najd, mpickering

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4177

See https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow

Trees that grow extension points are added for
- ValBinds
- HsPat
- HsLit
- HsOverLit
- HsType
- HsTyVarBndr
- HsAppType
- FieldOcc
- AmbiguousFieldOcc

Updates haddock submodule

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: shayan-najd, simonpj, austin, goldfire, bgamari

Subscribers: goldfire, rwbarton, thomie, mpickering

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4147

Trac #14394 showed that it's possible to get redundant
constraints in the inferred provided constraints of a pattern
synonym.  This patch removes the redundancy with mkMinimalBySCs.

To do this I had to generalise the type of mkMinimalBySCs slightly.
And, to reduce confusing reversal, I made it stable: it now returns
its result in the same order as its input.  That led to a raft of
error message wibbles, mostly for the better.

This reverts commit 0ff152c9.

Sadly this broke when bootstrapping with 8.0.2 due to #14396.

Reverts haddock submodule.

See https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow

Trees that grow extension points are added for
- ValBinds
- HsPat
- HsLit
- HsOverLit
- HsType
- HsTyVarBndr
- HsAppType
- FieldOcc
- AmbiguousFieldOcc

Updates haddock submodule

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: shayan-najd, simonpj, austin, goldfire, bgamari

Subscribers: goldfire, rwbarton, thomie, mpickering

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4147

This fix replaces an utterly bogus error message with a decent one,
rejecting a pattern synonym with a list pattern and rebindable syntax.

Not hard to fix properly, but I'm going to wait for a willing volunteer
and/or more user pressure.

This switches the compiler/ component to get compiled with
-XNoImplicitPrelude and a `import GhcPrelude` is inserted in all
modules.

This is motivated by the upcoming "Prelude" re-export of
`Semigroup((<>))` which would cause lots of name clashes in every
modulewhich imports also `Outputable`

Reviewers: austin, goldfire, bgamari, alanz, simonmar

Reviewed By: bgamari

Subscribers: goldfire, rwbarton, thomie, mpickering, bgamari

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D3989

Summary:
GHC was allowing implicitly bidirectional pattern synonyms with bang
patterns and irrefutable patterns in the RHS, like so:

```lang=haskell
pattern StrictJust a = Just !a
```

This has multiple problems:

1. `Just !a` isn't a valid expression, so it feels strange to allow it in an
   implicitly bidirectional pattern synonym.
2. `StrictJust` doesn't provide the strictness properties one would expect
   from a strict constructor. (One could imagine a design where the
   `StrictJust` builder infers a bang pattern for its pattern variable, but
   accomplishing this inference in a way that accounts for all possible
   patterns on the RHS, including other pattern synonyms, is somewhat
   awkward, so we do not pursue this design.)

We nip these issues in the bud by simply disallowing bang/irrefutable patterns
on the RHS.

Test Plan: make test TEST="T14112 unidir"

Reviewers: simonpj, austin, bgamari

Reviewed By: simonpj

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie

GHC Trac Issues: #14112

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D3896

Trac #14000 showed up two errors

* In TcRnTypes.dropInsolubles we dropped all implications, which
  might contain the very insolubles we wanted to keep.  This was
  an outright error, and is why the out-of-scope error was actually
  lost altogether in Trac #14000

* In TcSimplify.simplifyInfer, if there are definite (insoluble)
  errors, it's better to suppress the following ambiguity test,
  because the type may be bogus anyway.  See TcSimplify
  Note [Quantification with errors].  This fix seems a bit clunky,
  but it'll do for now.

Trac #13998 showed that default methods were getting bogus tyvar
binder visiblity info; and that it matters in the code genreated
by the default-method fill-in mechanism

* The actual fix: in TcTyDecls.mkDefaultMethodType, make TyVarBinders
  with the right visibility info by getting TyConBinders from the
  class TyCon.  (Previously we made up visiblity info, but that
  caused #13998.)

* Define TyCon.tyConTyVarBinders :: [TyConBinder] -> [TyVarBinder]
  which can build correct forall binders for
    a) default methods (Trac #13998)
    b) data constructors
  This was originally BuildTyCl.mkDataConUnivTyVarBinders

* Move mkTyVarBinder, mkTyVarBinders from Type to Var

Summary:
See https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/wiki/ImplementingTreesThatGrow

This commit prepares the ground for a full extensible AST, by replacing the type
parameter for the hsSyn data types with a set of indices into type families,

    data GhcPs -- ^ Index for GHC parser output
    data GhcRn -- ^ Index for GHC renamer output
    data GhcTc -- ^ Index for GHC typechecker output

These are now used instead of `RdrName`, `Name` and `Id`/`TcId`/`Var`

Where the original name type is required in a polymorphic context, this is
accessible via the IdP type family, defined as

    type family IdP p
    type instance IdP GhcPs = RdrName
    type instance IdP GhcRn = Name
    type instance IdP GhcTc = Id

These types are declared in the new 'hsSyn/HsExtension.hs' module.

To gain a better understanding of the extension mechanism, it has been applied
to `HsLit` only, also replacing the `SourceText` fields in them with extension
types.

To preserve extension generality, a type class is introduced to capture the
`SourceText` interface, which must be honoured by all of the extension points
which originally had a `SourceText`.  The class is defined as

    class HasSourceText a where
      -- Provide setters to mimic existing constructors
      noSourceText  :: a
      sourceText    :: String -> a

      setSourceText :: SourceText -> a
      getSourceText :: a -> SourceText

And the constraint is captured in `SourceTextX`, which is a constraint type
listing all the extension points that make use of the class.

Updating Haddock submodule to match.

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: simonpj, shayan-najd, goldfire, austin, bgamari

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie, mpickering

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D3609