Error out of invalid Int/Word bit shifts

Although the Haddock's for `shiftL` and `shiftR` do require the number
of bits to be non-negative, we should still check this before calling
out to primitives (which also have undefined behaviour for negative bit
shifts).

If a user _really_ wants to bypass checks that the number of bits is
sensible, they already have the aptly-named `unsafeShiftL`/`unsafeShiftR`
at their disposal.

See #16111.