Overzealous free-floating kind check causes deriving clause to be rejected

GHC rejects this program:

{-# LANGUAGE DeriveAnyClass #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE PolyKinds #-}
module Bug where

class C a b

data D = D deriving (C (a :: k))

GHCi, version 8.2.1: http://www.haskell.org/ghc/  :? for help
Loaded GHCi configuration from /home/rgscott/.ghci
[1 of 1] Compiling Bug              ( Bug.hs, interpreted )

Bug.hs:8:1: error:
    Kind variable ‘k’ is implicitly bound in datatype
    ‘D’, but does not appear as the kind of any
    of its type variables. Perhaps you meant
    to bind it (with TypeInType) explicitly somewhere?
  |
8 | data D = D deriving (C (a :: k))
  | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

But it really shouldn't, since it's quite possible to write the code that is should generate:

instance C (a :: k) D

Curiously, this does not appear to happen for data family instances, as this typechecks:

{-# LANGUAGE DeriveAnyClass #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE PolyKinds #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
module Bug where

class C a b

data family D1
data instance D1 = D1 deriving (C (a :: k))

class E where
  data D2

instance E where
  data D2 = D2 deriving (C (a :: k))

Trac metadata

Trac field	Value
Version	8.2.1
Type	Bug
TypeOfFailure	OtherFailure
Priority	normal
Resolution	Unresolved
Component	Compiler (Type checker)
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