Factor out HsPatSigType for pat sigs/RULE term sigs (#16762)

This implements chunks (2) and (3) of
#16762 (comment 270170). Namely,
it introduces a dedicated `HsPatSigType` AST type, which represents
the types that can appear in pattern signatures and term-level `RULE`
binders. Previously, these were represented with `LHsSigWcType`.
Although `LHsSigWcType` is isomorphic to `HsPatSigType`, the intended
semantics of the two types are slightly different, as evidenced by
the fact that they have different code paths in the renamer and
typechecker.

See also the new `Note [Pattern signature binders and scoping]` in
`GHC.Hs.Types`.