Assertion failure with bad levity polymorphism

The following program causes an assertion failure:

module M where

import GHC.Exts

f = f :: (_ :: TYPE r)

<no location info>: error:
    panic! (the 'impossible' happened)
  GHC version 9.7.20230606:
	ASSERT failed!
  2
  1
  w_aja[tau:1]
  w_ajn[tau:0]
  w_ajn[tau:0]
  Call stack:
      CallStack (from HasCallStack):
        massertPpr, called at compiler/GHC/Tc/Zonk/TcType.hs:159:10 in ghc-9.7-inplace:GHC.Tc.Zonk.TcType
        writeMetaTyVarRef, called at compiler/GHC/Tc/Zonk/TcType.hs:115:5 in ghc-9.7-inplace:GHC.Tc.Zonk.TcType
        writeMetaTyVar, called at compiler/GHC/Tc/Utils/TcMType.hs:2295:22 in ghc-9.7-inplace:GHC.Tc.Utils.TcMType
        promoteMetaTyVarTo, called at compiler/GHC/Tc/Utils/TcMType.hs:2305:25 in ghc-9.7-inplace:GHC.Tc.Utils.TcMType
        promoteTyVarSet, called at compiler/GHC/Tc/Solver.hs:1906:15 in ghc-9.7-inplace:GHC.Tc.Solver
  CallStack (from HasCallStack):
    panic, called at compiler/GHC/Utils/Error.hs:479:29 in ghc-9.7-inplace:GHC.Utils.Error

If assertions are disabled, it is correctly rejected.

Likely related to #23051 (closed).