* Add `cabal-version` 3.12

* Add test for #9331

- `cabal check`: Guard Paths_* behind `cabal-version: 3.12` or higher,
  “fail” and “succeed” tests.
- `cabal build`: Guard Paths_* behind `cabal-version: 3.12` or higher,
  “fail” test.

* Guard PackageInfo behind cabal-version ≥ 3.12

---------

Co-authored-by: mergify[bot] <37929162+mergify[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>