Implement "An API for deciding whether plugins should cause recompilation"

This patch implements the API proposed as pull request #108 for plugin
authors to influence the recompilation checker.

It adds a new field to a plugin which computes a `FingerPrint`. This is
recorded in interface files and if it changes then we recompile the
module. There are also helper functions such as `purePlugin` and
`impurePlugin` for constructing plugins which have simple recompilation
semantics but in general, an author can compute a hash as they wish.

Fixes #12567 and #7414

https://github.com/ghc-proposals/ghc-proposals/blob/master/proposals/002
2-plugin-recompilation.rst

Reviewers: bgamari, ggreif

Reviewed By: bgamari

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie, carter

GHC Trac Issues: #7414, #12567

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4366