Extract hard-coded LLVM opt flags into a file

To resolve ticket #11295, I think it makes sense to stop hard-coding
the pass sequences used by GHC when compiling with LLVM into the
compiler
itself.

This patchset introduces a companion to the existing `llvm-targets` file
called `llvm-passes`. The passes file is a simple association list that
holds the default LLVM `opt` pass sequence used by GHC. This allows end
users to easily save their favorite optimization flags when compiling
with LLVM.

The main benefit for ticket #11295 is that when adding a custom pass
sequence, it tends to be an extremely long string that would be
unsightly in the code.

This is essentially part 1 of 2 for ticket #11295.

Test Plan: ./validate

Reviewers: bgamari, angerman

Reviewed By: angerman

Subscribers: rwbarton, thomie, carter

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.haskell.org/D4695